RRR: Correspondence/envoy
2062
year: 1227
initiator: Pope Gregory IX
recipient: Emperor Frederick II
text: Mar. 23. Pope Gregory IX informs the emperor Frederick, who is also king of Jerusalem; of the death of Pope Honorius III and his election. He encourages Frederick to persist with his crusade plans.
Mar. 23. Pope Gregory IX informs the emperor Frederick, who is also king of Jerusalem; of the death of Pope Honorius III and his election. He encourages Frederick to persist with his crusade plans.
sources: Rodenberg, Epistolae 1:261-2, no. 343
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
2065
year: 1227
initiator: Pope Gregory IX
recipient: Subjects of King John of Jerusalem
text: Apr. 5. Lateran. Pope Gregory IX addresses all the subjects of King John of Jerusalem, reminding them that in civil cases the first court of appeal was that of the king. Only after a case had been heard there should an appeal be lodged with the Holy See.
Apr. 5. Lateran. Pope Gregory IX addresses all the subjects of King John of Jerusalem, reminding them that in civil cases the first court of appeal was that of the king. Only after a case had been heard there should an appeal be lodged with the Holy See.
sources: Tautu, Acta, p. 205, no. 156
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
2074
year: 1227
initiator: Pope Gregory IX
recipient: Bishop of Le Mans
text: Jul. 21. Perugia. Pope Gregory IX informs the bishop of Le Mans that he has heard that the queen of Cyprus is negotiating illegitimate marriage to the count of Brittany.
Jul. 21. Perugia. Pope Gregory IX informs the bishop of Le Mans that he has heard that the queen of Cyprus is negotiating illegitimate marriage to the count of Brittany.
sources: Schabel, Bullarium 1:288-9, no. d-2
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
2078
year: 1227
initiator: G. patriarcha Hierosolymitanus apostolicae sedis legatus, P. Caesariensis archiepiscopus, N. Nazarenus archiepiscopus, N., Narbonensis archiepiscopus, P. Wintoniensis episcopus, W. Exoniensis episcopus, magister Hospitalis sancti Johannis, magister domus militiae Templi and magister Hospitalis Teutonicorum
text: Oct. 1-31. Acre. G. patriarcha Hierosolymitanus apostolicae sedis legatus, P. Caesariensis archiepiscopus, N. Nazarenus archiepiscopus, N., Nar-bonensis archiepiscopus, P. Wintoniensis episcopus, W. Exoniensis episcopus, magister Hospitalis sancti Johannis, magister domus militiae Templi and magister Hospitalis Teutonicorum write a letter for general circulation. They stress their needs, report that the emperor has not crossed to Syria as he had promised and that on the news that the emperor was not coming 40000 returned on the ships in which they had arrived. Almost 800 of the milites who remained delivered the ultimatum that either the truces with the Muslim be broken or they would depart; The dux de Lemburgo, who had been appointed their leader by the emperor, held a council with the Hospitallers of St John, the Knights Templars and the Hospitallers of St Mary of the Germans. The debate was long between those who argued that the truce should be broken and those who said it would be perilous to do so. In the end it was decided to fortify Caesarea and Jaffa during the period before the August passage. The peregrini were called on to be prepared to advance towards Caesarea on 2 November and they enthusiastically responded.
Oct. 1-31. Acre. G. patriarcha Hierosolymitanus apostolicae sedis legatus, P. Caesariensis archiepiscopus, N. Nazarenus archiepiscopus, N., Nar-bonensis archiepiscopus, P. Wintoniensis episcopus, W. Exoniensis episcopus, magister Hospitalis sancti Johannis, magister domus militiae Templi and... more
sources: Roger of Wendower 4:145-8 (RRH no. 984)
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
2079
year: 1227
initiator: King Henry III of England
recipient: Coradinus, the sultan of Damascus
text: (1227). Westminster. King Henry III of England thanks Coradinus, the sultan of Damascus, for the presents he has sent and which have been brought by Juselinus de Jenue Malonn. He asks the sultan to free his Christian captives.
(1227). Westminster. King Henry III of England thanks Coradinus, the sultan of Damascus, for the presents he has sent and which have been brought by Juselinus de Jenue Malonn. He asks the sultan to free his Christian captives.
sources: Rymer, Foedera 1:296-7 (RRH no. 985)
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
2080
year: 1227
initiator: Emperor Frederick II
recipient: al-Mu‘azzam of Damascus
text: Dec. 22. 1226 - Dec. 11. 1227. The emperor Frederick II writes to al-Mu‘azzam of Damascus demanding the return to the Christians of all the coastlands conquered by Saladin.
Dec. 22. 1226 - Dec. 11. 1227. The emperor Frederick II writes to al-Mu‘azzam of Damascus demanding the return to the Christians of all the coastlands conquered by Saladin.
sources: Amari, Biblioteca 2:245-6 (RRH no. 992)
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
2092
year: 1228
initiator: Emperor Frederick II
recipient: Sultan al-Kamil
text: Sept.-Oct. Acre. The emperor Frederick II sends Balian seignor de Saete and Tomas comte de la Cherne to the Sultan al-Kamil, with a letter in which he insists on the cession of Jerusalem and other towns as previously offered.
Sept.-Oct. Acre. The emperor Frederick II sends Balian seignor de Saete and Tomas comte de la Cherne to the Sultan al-Kamil, with a letter in which he insists on the cession of Jerusalem and other towns as previously offered.
sources: ‘L’Estoire de Eracles’, pp. 369-70; Ibn al-Athir, The Chronicle 3:293 (RRH no. 992)
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
2100
year: 1229
initiator: Patriarch Gerald of Jerusalem
recipient: Pope Gregory IX
text: After Feb. 18. The patriarch of Jerusalem sends Pope Gregory IX a transcript of selected clauses [in old French] of the the emperor Frederick’s truce with Sultan al-Kamil, accompanied by his criticisms of them. They are (1) the surrender of the city of Jerusalem to Frederick or his baillis; (2) the reservation of the Temple area to Sarrazins and to the practice of Islam. (3); a Sarrazin can freely pilgrimage to Bethlehem; (4) Franks cannot visit the Temple unless they profess Islam; (5) Sarrazins in Jerusalem will be subject to their own jurisdiction; (6), (7) and (8) the emperor is bound to lend no aid to any Frank engaged in warfare against Sarrazins and to defend al-Kamil; (9) Tripoli and its land, le Chrach, Castel Blanc, Tortose, Margat and Antioch are outside the truce and the emperor will not allow any help being sent to them.
After Feb. 18. The patriarch of Jerusalem sends Pope Gregory IX a transcript of selected clauses [in old French] of the the emperor Frederick’s truce with Sultan al-Kamil, accompanied by his criticisms of them. They are (1) the surrender of the city of Jerusalem to Frederick or his baillis; (2) the... more
sources: Rodenberg, Epistolae 1:296-8, no. 380
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
2101
year: 1229
initiator: Hermannus, master of the Hospital of Saint Mary of the Germans
recipient: Pope Gregory IX
text: Mar. 7-17. Frater H. Hospitalis sancta Marie domus Theutonicorum in Ierusalem minister reports to Pope Gregory IX on events in the Holy Land since the arrival of the emperor Frederick in autumn 1228. He describes how on 15 November the emperor with his army reached Jaffa to refortify its castle and prepare for an advance on Jerusalem. They were hindered by a lack of pack animals [somarii] and by bad weather that was preventing provisioning by sea, although eventually the weather eased. While work continued on the fortifications, messengers passed between the emperor and the sultan of Egypt, who was camping at Gaza with his brother Seraph, while the sultan of Damascus was established at Nablus. The sultan of Egypt restored Jerusalem to the emperor, except only the Templum Domini, which would be open to those of both sides wishing to pray there. The sultan also restored villa Sancti Georgii [Lydda] with the casalia on either side of the road to Jerusalem; Bethlehem with the casalia between it and Jerusalem; Nazareth with the casalia on either side of the road to Acre; castrum Tyronis; and the city of Sidon. The Christians can refortify Jerusalem, Jaffa, Caesarea and the new castle of Montfort, belonging to the Hospital of St Mary of the Germans. The sultan promises not to refortify castles or build new ones until the end of the truce. All prisoners taken by either side at Damietta will be returned. The emperor went to Jerusalem and wore his crown. Frater Leonardus reached Jaffa on 7 March, bringing disturbing news of events on Europe. The archiepiscopus Reginus will provide the pope with further reports.
Mar. 7-17. Frater H. Hospitalis sancta Marie domus Theutonicorum in Ierusalem minister reports to Pope Gregory IX on events in the Holy Land since the arrival of the emperor Frederick in autumn 1228. He describes how on 15 November the emperor with his army reached Jaffa to refortify its castle and... more
sources: MGH Leges 2:161-2, no. 121 (RRH no. 999)
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
2102
year: 1229
initiator: Emperor Frederick II
recipient: Pope Gregory IX
text: Mar. 18. Jerusalem. Frederick, Dei gratia Romanorum imperator semper augustus Ierusalem et Sicilie rex, writes to Pope Gregory IX, copying the letter for general circulation, including a copy sent to the king of England. He praises God for his achievements in the Holy Land. He describes, in the same terms as the magister of the Hospital of St Mary of the Germans, how he reached Jaffa on 15 November to refortify its castle and prepare for an advance on Jerusalem. He was hindered by a lack of pack animals [equitaturi] and by bad weather that was preventing provisioning by sea, although eventually the weather eased. While work continued on the fortifications, messengers passed between the emperor and the sultan of Egypt, who was camping at Gaza with his brother Scharaph, while the sultan of Damascus was established at Nablus. The sultan of Egypt restored Jerusalem to the emperor, with all the land descending down to Jaffa, except only for the Templum Domini, which would be open to Muslims wishing to pray there, alhough they must visit without weapons. He also restored Bethlehem with the land between it and Jerusalem; Nazareth with the land between it and Acre; all the terra Toronis; and the city of Sidon, the port of which had been a transit between Damascus and Egypt. The Christians can refortify Jerusalem, Jaffa, Sidon, Caesarea and the castle belonging to the Hospital of St Mary of the Germans in the mountains of Acre. The sultan promises not to refortify castles or build new ones until the end of the truce, which will last for 10 years. The truce was confirmed by oath on 18 February. On the advice of the patriarch of Jerusalem and the magistri and brothers of the [military orders], the emperor will inform the pope personally when he returns to Europe. Meanwhile he entered Jerusalem on 17 March, wore his crown and gave orders for the rebuilding of the city, which he proposes to refortify. The sultan will return all Christian prisoners, including those taken at Damietta.
Mar. 18. Jerusalem. Frederick, Dei gratia Romanorum imperator semper augustus Ierusalem et Sicilie rex, writes to Pope Gregory IX, copying the letter for general circulation, including a copy sent to the king of England. He praises God for his achievements in the Holy Land. He describes, in the... more
sources: MGH Leges 2:162-7 (RRH no. 1000)