RRR: Correspondence/envoy
1286
year: 1190
initiator: Baldewinus Cantuariensis archiepiscopus
recipient: Prior Osbert and the convent of Christ Church Canterbury
text: Oct. 12. Baldewinus Cantuariensis archiepiscopus informs Prior Osbert and the convent of Christ Church Canterbury that he and his companions reached Tyre safely on 16 September. They were then delayed for nearly a month by illness among the archbishop’s entourage and reached the Christian siege camp at Acre on 16 October. The archbishop has heard the the kings of England and France are expected soon.
Oct. 12. Baldewinus Cantuariensis archiepiscopus informs Prior Osbert and the convent of Christ Church Canterbury that he and his companions reached Tyre safely on 16 September. They were then delayed for nearly a month by illness among the archbishop’s entourage and reached the Christian siege... more
sources: Epistolae Cantuarienses, p. 328, no. 345
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
1287
year: 1190
initiator: Chaplain of the archbishop of Canterbury
recipient: Convent of Christ Church Canterbury
text: Oct. 21. The chaplain [capellanus] of the archbishop of Canterbury writes to the convent of Christ Church Canterbury. The archbishop reached Tyre on 16 September and travelled to Acre. He found the Christian army in a dreadful state, torn by disputes and featuring poor moral behaviour, while hemmed in and under attack from the Turci. Saladin’s potency grows while Christian power dimishes. On 8 January the Turks killed 4000 Christian foot soldiers. Other deaths include those of the queen of Jerusalem, comes Stephanus frater archiepiscopi Remensis, comes Barensis nepos archiepiscopi Remensis, comes de Ferreres frater comitis de Clara, Bernardus junior de Sanwaleri and Randulfus de Glanvilla.
Oct. 21. The chaplain [capellanus] of the archbishop of Canterbury writes to the convent of Christ Church Canterbury. The archbishop reached Tyre on 16 September and travelled to Acre. He found the Christian army in a dreadful state, torn by disputes and featuring poor moral behaviour, while hemmed... more
sources: Epistolae Cantuarienses, pp. 328-9, no. 346
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
1290
year: 1190
initiator: Patriarch Eraclius of Jerusalem
recipient: A pope
institution: Holy Sepulchre
text: Oct. 1180 - late autumn 1190. Patriarch C. [Eraclius] of Jerusalem writes to a pope, denying the charge made by the canons of the Holy Sepulchre that he has placed an unworthy deacon in his church and asking for confirmation of the appointment.
Oct. 1180 - late autumn 1190. Patriarch C. [Eraclius] of Jerusalem writes to a pope, denying the charge made by the canons of the Holy Sepulchre that he has placed an unworthy deacon in his church and asking for confirmation of the appointment.
sources: Hiestand, PK, p. 337, no. 160
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
1312
year: 1191
initiator: King Richard I of England
recipient: N.
text: Oct. 1. Jaffa. Writing to N., King Richard I of England describes how, after the fall of Acre and the departure of the king of France, he marched for Jaffa; how his army was attacked by Saladin near Arsurum; how there were few Christian losses other than the death of Jacobus de Avennis, but many in Saladin’s army, which took flight; how he reached Jaffa and fortified it; how he had been wounded by a spear thrust in the left side three days before the battle but had recovered; and how he hopes to take Jerusalem within 20 days after Christmas.
Oct. 1. Jaffa. Writing to N., King Richard I of England describes how, after the fall of Acre and the departure of the king of France, he marched for Jaffa; how his army was attacked by Saladin near Arsurum; how there were few Christian losses other than the death of Jacobus de Avennis, but many in... more
sources: Roger of Howden, Chronica 3:129-30
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
1313
year: 1191
initiator: King Richard I of England
recipient: Abbot of Clairvaux
text: Oct. 1. Jaffa. Writing to the abbot of Clairvaux, King Richard I of England describes events after Acre fell to him and to the king of France. When negotiations with Saladin for the return of the relic of the True Cross and 1500 Christian prisoners broke down, Richard had 2600 Muslim [Sarraceni] prisoners killed, preserving only a few of the more noble as hostages. After the king of France left and Acre was restored, he prepared to march to Jaffa, accompanied by the dux Burgundiae with the French [Francigeni], comes Henricus and many counts, barons and people. The Christians marched with diffficulty to Caesarea, where they rested, before proceeding to Jaffa. Saladin attacked near the castle of Assur and was put to flight. The Christians sustained few losses, other than that of Jacobus de Avennis. Jaffa was reached and refortified, but Richard found Ascalon destroyed and much of the land ravaged. He intends to to stay in the Holy Land until after Easter, although he has exhausted his resources. The dux Burgundiae with the French and comes Henricus will remain. Richard appeals to the abbot of Clairvaux to encourage the recruitment of more settlers and crusaders.
Oct. 1. Jaffa. Writing to the abbot of Clairvaux, King Richard I of England describes events after Acre fell to him and to the king of France. When negotiations with Saladin for the return of the relic of the True Cross and 1500 Christian prisoners broke down, Richard had 2600 Muslim [Sarraceni]... more
sources: Roger of Howden, Chronica 3:130-3
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
1314
year: 1191
initiator: King Richard I of England
recipient: Archbishop, potestas, consuls and people of Genoa
text: Oct. 11. Acre. King Richard I of England writes to the archbishop, potestas, consuls and people of Genoa. He is considering an invasion of Egypt, including Old Cairo and Alexandria, in the following summer and he proposes an agreement with Genoa, which has already had a pact with him respecting his passage to Syria. The new agreement relates to a share of spoil in proportion to the Genoese naval contribution. Richard also promises to pay half the expenses of the Genoese galleys [galeae]. The Genoese consul in partibus Surie, Maurinus, is being sent back to Genoa with the proposal. Richard wants to know what the Genoese contribution will be.
Oct. 11. Acre. King Richard I of England writes to the archbishop, potestas, consuls and people of Genoa. He is considering an invasion of Egypt, including Old Cairo and Alexandria, in the following summer and he proposes an agreement with Genoa, which has already had a pact with him respecting his... more
sources: Mayer, UKJ 3:1496-9, no. App. III/8
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
1315
year: 1191
initiator: King Richard I of England
recipient: Potestas, consuls and people of Genoa
text: Oct. 11. Acre. King Richard I of England writes to the potestas, consuls and people of Genoa. He promises that if he will obtain half of the resources promised by Genoa’s representatives, he will confer on Genoa a third part of his conquests from the Sarraceni. He confirms that he will pay half the galleys’ expenses.
Oct. 11. Acre. King Richard I of England writes to the potestas, consuls and people of Genoa. He promises that if he will obtain half of the resources promised by Genoa’s representatives, he will confer on Genoa a third part of his conquests from the Sarraceni. He confirms that he will pay half the... more
sources: Mayer, UKJ 3:1499-1500, no. App. III/9
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
1319
year: 1191
initiator: Pope Celestine III
recipient: Clergy in the East
text: Apr 15-Oct 25 [or Apr.14 1191 - 1196]. [238] Pope Celestine III writes to the clergy in the East condemning the practice of chapters submitting the names of two candidates to the patriarch and king before election to a bishopric, although he allows for the assent of the king and patriarch being sought after a canonical election.
Apr 15-Oct 25 [or Apr.14 1191 - 1196]. [238] Pope Celestine III writes to the clergy in the East condemning the practice of chapters submitting the names of two candidates to the patriarch and king before election to a bishopric, although he allows for the assent of the king and patriarch being... more
sources: Hiestand, PK, pp. 348-50, no. 171
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
1310
year: 1191
initiator: King Richard I of England
recipient: Justicier of England
text: Aug. 6. King Richard I of England informs the justiciar of England of the course of his crusade: his seizure of Cyprus; his arrival before Acre; the capture of the city after the arrival of the king of France and himself, together with the recovery of the relic of the Holy Cross and 1700 prisoners; and the departure of the king of France 15 days later. Richard plans to return to the West once Syria is retaken. He will certainly sail during the next Lent.
Aug. 6. King Richard I of England informs the justiciar of England of the course of his crusade: his seizure of Cyprus; his arrival before Acre; the capture of the city after the arrival of the king of France and himself, together with the recovery of the relic of the Holy Cross and 1700 prisoners... more
sources: Epistolae Cantuarienses, p. 347, no. 375
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
1343
year: 1193
initiator: Pope Celestine III
recipient: Bishop of Acre
text: Jan. 21 - Mar. 12. [244] In the letter Laudabilem Pope Celestine III answers questions posed by the bishop of Acre [Acon.ep.] [245] in relation to marriage, stressing throughout the need for proper procedures on testimony and proof. He discusses: (1) the legitimacy of a marriage to the daughter of a godfather; (2) couples who separate and the need for judgement in such a case by the church authorities; (3) the legitimacy of the marriage of a girl betrothed before the age of puberty and the importance of consent to consummation at the age of 12; (4) the conflict between a vow of chastity and a later vow of marriage; (5) the prohibition of the marriage of Sarraceni, converted to Christianity, to the women whose husbands they have killed while imprisoned by the Christains; (6) women who seek divorce when they discover that their second husbands, either Sarraceni who have converted to Christianity or Christians, have killed their first husbands in battle; (7) the indissolubility of the first marriage of a Christian who temporarily denies Christ and copulates with a pagan and has children, while the Christian wife left behind has a second marriage, with the consent of the archdeacon [of Acre], and has children; and the legitimacy of the children of both second marriages, one of which had been permitted by the archdeacon, provided the man’s first wife has died: (8) the period of time without consummation [3 years] that would dissolve a marriage; (9) a woman given under age to a nunnery by her parents, who receives the habit, leaves, has sexual relations with a knight and becomes pregnant, and is then forced to return to the religious community. The pope rules that a woman who has a child is not compelled to obey her parents.
Jan. 21 - Mar. 12. [244] In the letter Laudabilem Pope Celestine III answers questions posed by the bishop of Acre [Acon.ep.] [245] in relation to marriage, stressing throughout the need for proper procedures on testimony and proof. He discusses: (1) the legitimacy of a marriage to the daughter of... more
sources: Mansi, Sacr. Concil. 22:638-41