year: 1171
initiator: King Amalric
recipient: Emperor Manuel I Comnenus
text: *Apr. 1 - May 25. Constantinople. King Amalric seals a treaty with the Byzantine Emperor Manuel I Comnenus with the aim of invading Egypt.
*Apr. 1 - May 25. Constantinople. King Amalric seals a treaty with the Byzantine Emperor Manuel I Comnenus with the aim of invading Egypt.
sources: William of Tyre, pp. 945-6; Mayer, UKJ 2:610-12, no. 350
year: 1171
initiator: Bernardus Liddensis episcopus
recipient: Petrus Dominici Sepulcri prior
institution: Holy Sepulchre
text: Dec 25 1170 - Aug 31 1171. In the presence of Patriarch Amalric of Jerusalem, at the mediation of Heraclius archidiaconus Hierosolymitanus and magister Monachus domni patriarche cancellarius, and with the consent of both their chapters, Bernardus Liddensis episcopus and Petrus Dominici Sepulcri prior come to an agreement. Bernardus gives the canons of the Holy Sepulchre half of the tithes taken on harvests, wine, oil, beasts, fowl and other things in a casale called Bermenayn. Petrus concedes to the church and bishop of Lydda half of all the tithes of harvests of the 4 casalia, referred to in a charter of gift from Rogerius quondam Liddensis episcopus, of Capharuth, Git, Kephrecylta and Porfilia. Of these, the first 2 were given and the others exchanged. Exempted from the payment of tithes of all 5 casalia will be fodder for beasts and feeding for fowls, but half tithes will be paid on the products of the canons’ own labour. Bernardus, with the consent of his chapter, gives the canons of the holy Sepulchre the right to churches and the building of new ones in the 5 casalia, with full parochial rights, although the priests [sacerdotes] appointed by the canons should be obedient to the bishop, who retains the right to summon them to a synod, to bless the chrism and oils they need, to consecrate altars and ordain clergy, and to impose interdicts and excommunications. Witnesses: from the chapter of the Holy Sepulchre the priests, Ugo de Nigella; Reinaldus de Lochis; Petrus Calvus; Petrus cantor; Arnulfus subprior; Balduinus thesaurarius; the deacons, Dalmatius; Savinus; Rogerius; the subdeacons, Odo; Ingerradus; Petrus; from the chapter of St George [of Lydda] the priests, Gislebertus cantor; Franco; Petrus preceptor; the deacons, Willelmus; Petrus Testa; the subdeacons, Gerurfus; Johannes; Papion. Others who were present were: domnus Rainaldus Ebron episcopus; Eraclius Jerosolimitanus archidiaconus; magister Monachus cancellarius domni patriarche.
Dec 25 1170 - Aug 31 1171. In the presence of Patriarch Amalric of Jerusalem, at the mediation of Heraclius archidiaconus Hierosolymitanus and magister Monachus domni patriarche cancellarius, and with the consent of both their chapters, Bernardus Liddensis episcopus and Petrus Dominici Sepulcri... more
sources: Bresc-Bautier, Cart St-Sépulcre, pp. 307-9, no. 158 (RRH no. 490)
RRR: Council/ruling decisions/legislation
872
year: 1171
initiator: King Amalric
text: *Autumn 1171. [126] King Amalric promulgates an assise permitting the division of a fief between sisters and establishing the rules governing such a partition.
*Autumn 1171. [126] King Amalric promulgates an assise permitting the division of a fief between sisters and establishing the rules governing such a partition.
sources: Philip of Novara, Le Livre, pp. 141-2; John of Ibelin, pp. 324-6, 763 ; Grandclaude, ‘Liste’, p. 340
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
873
year: 1171
initiator: Girbertus [of Assailly], master of the Hospital
recipient: King Louis VII of France
institution: Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem
text: Before Jan. 19 1163 - Sept. 1171. Gibertus sancti hospitalis Hierusalem custos, with all his convent, writes to King Louis VII of France, who has been generous and benevolent to the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem. Gibertus asks the king to maintain and defend it.
Before Jan. 19 1163 - Sept. 1171. Gibertus sancti hospitalis Hierusalem custos, with all his convent, writes to King Louis VII of France, who has been generous and benevolent to the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem. Gibertus asks the king to maintain and defend it.
sources: Bouquet 16:28-9, no. 93; also in Delaville Le Roulx, Cart Hosp 1:223-4, no. 310 (RRH no. 374)
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
874
year: 1171
initiator: Girbertus [of Assailly], master of the Hospital
recipient: Archbishop of Trani
institution: Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem
text: Before Jan. 19 1163 - Sept. 1171. frater G. sancte domus Hospitalis Jerhusalem magister humilis et Christi pauperum servus writes to the archbishop of Trani. He describes the needs of the Holy Land. He and his brothers of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem, combining warfare with the religious life [religioni miliciam commiscentes], are faced with greater expenses than they can afford. He asks the archbishop to appeal to his people to provide the Hospital with financial support [beneficia] for the remission of their sins.
Before Jan. 19 1163 - Sept. 1171. frater G. sancte domus Hospitalis Jerhusalem magister humilis et Christi pauperum servus writes to the archbishop of Trani. He describes the needs of the Holy Land. He and his brothers of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem, combining warfare with the religious... more
sources: Delaville Le Roulx, Cart Hosp 4:247-8, no. 310bis (RRH no. 422)
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
875
year: 1171
initiator: Brothers of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem
recipient: Pope Alexander III
institution: Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem
text: Sept/Oct. [127] Jerusalem. The Hospital of St John. The brothers of the [central] convent of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem report to Pope Alexander III on the dissension that has arisen in their Order. Magister Gibertus, against the advice of King Amalric, who stressed the dangers facing the Holy Land, resigned his office in order to lead a solitary life. On the journey from his house he was intercepted by the preceptor and the procurator infirmorum, together with [….] and many other brothers carrying letters from the marescalcus and the convent, forbidding him to take this step before consulting the pope and the Order’s chapter. Girbertus ignored them, entered a cave to follow the religious life and, placing the insignia of the magisterium [belt, seal and purse] on the altar of the cave, absolved the brothers from all their obligations to him. The preceptor, having taken advice from the procurator infirmorum, the castellanus Gibilini, the castellanus Bellimontis and many brothers, sought the assistance of the patriarch of Jerusalem, the bishop of Bethlehem, the bishop of Lydda, the abbot of Mt Sion and the abbot of St Mary of the Valley of Jehoshaphat. The prelates tried to persuade Gibertus to reconsider and, when he refused, the patriarch, with the advice of the bishop of Bethlehem, the bishop of Lydda, the preceptor Hospitalis, the procurator informorum, the castellanus Gibelini, the castellanus Bellimontis and 30 or more of the brothers, formally ordered him on the pope’s behalf to resume his post, threatening him with excommunication and stressing that he could not resign without papal authority. Submitting to these arguments, Gibertus returned to his house, to which the patriarch came, together with the bishops of Bethlehem and Lydda and others. He was reinvested with the belt, seal and purse in the presence of the aforesaid lords by the preceptor, the procurator infirmorum and some other brothers. The brothers then summoned Gibertus to a chapter in the palatium. The patriarch forbade the magister on the pope’s behalf and with the threat of excommunication, to lay down the magisterium without papal consent or to try to subject himself to another religious order. At the same time the patriarch forbade the brothers and the convent to presume to elect another before they had received a mandate from the pope. The patriarch and the preceptor, together with the brothers who supported him, appealed formally to the pope. Most of the brothers were now opposed to the resumption of the magisterium by Gibertus, who, joined by the archdeacon of Jerusalem and the procurator infirmorum of the Hospital, asked in vain for the appeal to Rome and the threat of excommunication to be rescinded. When Gibertus had retaken his place in chapter the brothers unanimously exhorted him to keep the magisterium, but they added that he should agree to reform. He should not accept castles [castella] or fortifications on the frontiers with the Turci. He should not weigh down the Order with superfluous and useless expenses. He should not enter into any major business without the knowledge of chapter. His response was to admit his extravagance, but to renounce the magisterium again. Although Frater Pontius Blauus, together with the brothers who supported him, forbade him to lay down the magisterium without the pope’s agreement, Gibertus called on the brothers to elect another magister. He withdrew, taking 12 electors with him. Pontius Blauus repeated his prohibition, but the electors returned with Gibertus to the chapter and asked all the brothers to consent to the man [Castus] they had elected. The greater part of the chapter agreed, but Pontius Blauus was silent. Gibertus announced in the presence of the sick patients [in the hospital] that he had resigned the magisterium and retired to the cave. Four months later great dissension arose among the brothers, most of whom were ignorant of the contents of the letters written by the preceptor, together with the prior clericorum, the marescalcus, the prior Apulie [Apulia], the prior Messane [Messina], frater [Pio]tus and other brothers to the pope. Certain of the brothers said that until they had some command from the pope on this matter they did not want to obey any magister electus, since the election had been made in contempt of the Roman Church and against the appeal and prohibition. Others asserted that the election ought to be considered valid because the magister had voluntarily given up his office and the election had been made in his presence and with his advice. Meanwhile Pontius Blauus, who had been preceptor when the controversy arose, together with the [new] preceptor and other brothers, went to King Amalric and in his presence renewed the formal appeal and placed himself and his companions under papal protection, because Gibertus had resigned the magisterium after the appeal and prohibition and because they had elected him magister in spite of these. The preceptor questioned the action of Pontius Blauus on the grounds that it was against the usages of the Hospital, particularly as he had been promised justice, but Pontius claimed to be now under a superior jurisdiction. Preceptor O. deprived Pontius and his companion frater P. of their horses and armour [arnesium], because, not knowing their plans, he did not want to endanger the Order’s property. On behalf of the Hospital he forbade Pontius to travel to the pope. After this, Gibertus, having heard of the dissension, returned from his cave, suggesting that he take back the magisterium and at the same time travel to Italy to appeal directly to the pope. He had the support of some milites fratres, but this led to a debate in chapter on whether he and his companions should be prevented from leaving, according to the Order’s consuetudines. King Amalric, saddened by the dissension and appealed to by the patriarch on behalf of both factions, met the patriarch, the bishops of Lydda and Hebron, the abbot of Mt Sion, the prior of the Holy Sepulchre, the barones and many probi homines, clerical and lay, the preceptor Templi, the preceptor Hospitalis, the brothers of both factions and the citizens of Jerusalem in the chapter of the Holy Sepulchre. It was agreed that the whole truth of the matter be revealed to the pope so that he might settle the case. Witnesses: Dominus Almaricus patriarcha Ierosolimitanus; Dominus Amalrichus Iherosolimorum rex; Dominus Radulfus episcopus Bethleem; Dominus Bernardus episcopus Liddensis; Dominus Reinaldus episcopus Ebronensis; Dominus Reinaldus abbas Montis [Sion]; Dominus Petrus abbas Vallis Iosaphat; Dominus Petrus prior Dominici Sepvlcri. [128]
Sept/Oct. [127] Jerusalem. The Hospital of St John. The brothers of the [central] convent of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem report to Pope Alexander III on the dissension that has arisen in their Order. Magister Gibertus, against the advice of King Amalric, who stressed the dangers facing the... more
sources: Hiestand, PTJ 2:222-7, no. 19 (RRH no. 480)
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
876
year: 1171
initiator: Pope Alexander III
recipient: Archbishop of Nazareth and the bishops of Bethlehem, Acre and Lydda
text: Oct. 20 1170 or 1171. Tusculum. Pope Alexander III writes to the archbishop of Nazareth and the bishops of Bethlehem, Acre and Lydda. After praising the Cluniac congregation, he describes how Theobaldus, the prior of St-Arnoul-de-Crépy-en-Valois, proposed to King Amalric the establishment of a Cluniac house in his kingdom. King Amalric agreed to the request. The pope wishes the abbey of Cluny to be given the destitute monasterium of Palmareia, irrespective of whether it is subject to papal provision or to the authority of the bishop of Tiberias.
Oct. 20 1170 or 1171. Tusculum. Pope Alexander III writes to the archbishop of Nazareth and the bishops of Bethlehem, Acre and Lydda. After praising the Cluniac congregation, he describes how Theobaldus, the prior of St-Arnoul-de-Crépy-en-Valois, proposed to King Amalric the establishment of a... more
sources: Hiestand, PK, pp. 267-9, no. 104 (RRH no. 484)
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
877
year: 1171
initiator: Pope Alexander III
recipient: All the faithful in the kingdom of France
text: Before Dec. 8 1170 or 1171. Letters from the archdiocese of Nazareth have reached Pope Alexander III, who writes to all the faithful in the kingdom of France. The pope describes the miserable state of the Latin East, ravaged by earthquakes and by invasion by the enemies of Christ. He draws special attention to the occupation by them of a great and well populated casale belonging to the church of Nazareth, the captivity of clergy and other inhabitants, and the resulting poverty of the canons. Without assistance they will not be able to fulfil their duties in their church. He asks that the canons and their representatives [nuntii] be received well and given assistance.
Before Dec. 8 1170 or 1171. Letters from the archdiocese of Nazareth have reached Pope Alexander III, who writes to all the faithful in the kingdom of France. The pope describes the miserable state of the Latin East, ravaged by earthquakes and by invasion by the enemies of Christ. He draws special... more
sources: Hiestand, PK, pp. 393-4, no. 198 (RRH no. 481)
RRR: Confirmation/renewal of grants
878
year: 1171
initiator: Hugues, lord of Ramla
recipient: Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem
institution: Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem
text: *1160 - 1169/71. [129] Hugues, lord of Ramla, the son of Balian, confirms the gift made by his father and mother of lands and gardens to the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem.
*1160 - 1169/71. [129] Hugues, lord of Ramla, the son of Balian, confirms the gift made by his father and mother of lands and gardens to the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem.
sources: Delaville Le Roulx, Cart Hosp 1:210, no. 286 (RRH no. 365e)
RRR: Council/ruling decisions/legislation
879
year: 1171
initiator: Pope Alexander III
recipient: Patriarch of Jerusalem
institution: Holy Sepulchre
text: 1170 - 1171. Tusculum. Pope Alexander III forbids the patriarch of Jerusalem to institute or remove abbots, abbesses and other ecclesiastical persons without the advice of the prior and canons of the Holy Sepulchre.
1170 - 1171. Tusculum. Pope Alexander III forbids the patriarch of Jerusalem to institute or remove abbots, abbesses and other ecclesiastical persons without the advice of the prior and canons of the Holy Sepulchre.
sources: Hiestand, PK, pp. 269-70, no. 105 [130] (RRH no. 443)